MultiHarp 160

High-Throughput Multichannel Time Tagging & TCSPC Unit

Scale your photonic quantum computing and detector characterization setups while maintaining performance, flexibility, and high data throughput.
MultiHarp 160 multichannel time tagging and TCSPC unit with extension modules

Key Features

Largest channel scalability
High throughput via USB & external FPGA interface
Remote synchronization via White Rabbit
Smart on-board event filters

Scalable Multichannel Time Tagging & TCSPC Unit

Precision Timing Across Devices and Distances

MultiHarp 160 has been developed to set new time tagging standards in scalability and interfacability. Its modular architecture supports up to 65 fully synchronized input channels with a record-breaking dead time of 650 ps. Equipped with flexible on-board event filters and its pioneering external FPGA interface, real-time custom programming and data throughput overcoming the USB limitation are facilitated. An integrated White Rabbit interface provides ps-precise synchronization across multiple devices and distributed setups without the need for additional hardware and sacrificing channels.

Designed for Multiplexed Quantum Photonics

MultiHarp 160 addresses multiplexed applications in photonic quantum computing, including linear optical quantum computing (LOQC), boson sampling, and other multi-photon experiments that rely on precise coincidence detection across large numbers of channels. At the same time, its high channel density and precise timing make it ideally suited for the characterization and analysis of single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detector and superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) arrays.

Specifications

Number of detector channels (in addition to Sync input)16 (main unit), 32 (main unit + first extension unit), 48 (main unit + first and second extension unit), 64 (main unit + first, second, and third extension unit)
Input voltage operating range (pulse peak into 50 Ohms)- 1200 mV to 1200 mV
Input voltage max. range (damage level)± 2500 mV
Trigger methodFalling or rising edge, software adjustable
Minimum time bin width5 ps
Timing precision< 28 ps RMS
Timing precision / √2*< 20 ps RMS
Dead time< 650 ps (can be increased via software up to 160 ns in steps of 1 ns)
Differential non-linearity< 5 % peak to peak, < 1 % RMS (over full measurement range)
Max sync rate (periodic pulse train)1.2 GHz
Count depth32 bit (4 294 967 295 counts)
Maximum number of time bins65 536
Peak count rate per input channel1.5 Gcps for burst duration of 2048 events
Total sustained count rate, sum over all input channels** 80 Mcps via USB 3.0 interface
PeriodProgrammable, 0.1 µs to 1.678 s (0.596 Hz to 10 MHz)
Number4
Ref IN10 MHz, 200 … 1500 mV p.p., 50 Ohm; AC coupled
Ref OUTDefault: 10 MHz, White Rabbit mode: 31.25 MHz, 1400 mV p.p., 50 Ohm; AC coupled
PPS IN1 s, LVTTL
White Rabbit interfaceConnector for SFP module

* In order to determine the timing precision it is necessary to repeatedly measure a time difference and to calculate the standard deviation (RMS error) of these measurements. This is done by splitting an electrical signal from a pulse generator and feeding the two signals each to a separate input channel. The differences of the measured pulse arrival times are calculated along with the corresponding standard deviation. This latter value is the RMS jitter which we use to specify the timing precision. However, calculating such a time difference requires two time measurements. Therefore, following from error propagation laws, the single channel RMS error is obtained by dividing the previously calculated standard deviation by √(2). We also specify this single channel RMS error here for comparison with other products.

** Sustained throughput depends on configuration and performance of host PC.

All Information given here is reliable to our best knowledge. However, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. Specifications and external appearances are subject to change without notice.

 

Technical Documentation and Data

Technical Downloads

Datasheet MultiHarp 160

Provides detailed specifications of this multichannel TCSPC and time-tagging module designed for fast; precise photon-counting applications

Technical Note: Multi-Device Synchronization using MultiHarp 160 and White Rabbit

This technical note describes White Rabbit-based synchronization of multiple TCSPC devices over long fiber networks

Technical Note: TCSPC

Explaining the principles of time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC), including photon statistics, detectors, timing electronics, and applications

Highlight Features

Key technologies that define the performance, scalability, and flexibility of MultiHarp 160.

Diagram illustrating T2 and T3 time tagging architectures used in TCSPC systems to record photon arrival times.

Unlock Full Flexibility with TTTR

Time-Tagged Time-Resolved (TTTR) acquisition records every detected photon as an individual time-tagged event, preserving the complete temporal structure of the experiment. In quantum optics and detector characterization, TTTR is the native data model for coincidence analysis, photon statistics, and time-interval measurements across many channels.

MultiHarp 160 supports TTTR operation in both T2 and T3 modes, enabling flexible timing analysis depending on the experimental requirements. High sustained count rates, compact data formats, and hardware-level filtering help keep even long measurements manageable. Beyond quantum applications, TTTR also enables advanced analyses such as FCS, fluorescence dynamics, and burst detection. A dedicated blog article provides a deeper introduction to TTTR, its modes, and application range.

White Rabbit network topology connecting MultiHarp event timers for synchronized measurements

White Rabbit Ready Time Tagger

MultiHarp 160 features native White Rabbit support with fully integrated nodes for deterministic, Ethernet-based timing networks. This hardware-level integration enables sub-nanosecond accuracy and stable synchronization over large distances. By embedding the timing infrastructure directly inside the instrument, MultiHarp 160 enables highly reliable, long-distance synchronization without sacrificing input channels and is ideally suited for advanced distributed experiments and modern timing architectures. 

MultiHarp 160 data processing architecture with FPGA interface bypassing USB bandwidth

Real-Time Data Processing Beyond USB Limits

As quantum experiments scale in channel count and photon rate, data throughput quickly becomes the dominant limitation. While individual detector channels can operate at very high rates, conventional interfaces constrain how much information can be transferred to a computer in real time. MultiHarp 160 addresses this challenge through onboard processing, flexible data reduction, and a dedicated external FPGA interface. By enabling low-latency access to time tags and custom real-time processing beyond USB bandwidth limits, it allows researchers to adapt data handling precisely to their experimental requirements.

MultiHarp 160 modular architecture with main unit and three extension modules

Where Rising Complexity Meets Reliable Timing

Quantum experiments rarely stay confined to a single box: Detectors multiply, setups stretch across optical tables, and sometimes even across buildings or kilometers of fiber. As complexity grows, timing electronics becomes the first thing to slip: channels saturate, data floods, clocks drift. The MultiHarp 160 is designed for this reality. It scales with your experiment, maintains picosecond timing at high rates, and uses White Rabbit to keep multiple devices synchronized with picosecond precision and sub-nanosecond accuracy over long distances. When your research surpasses conventional electronics, the MultiHarp 160 keeps everything aligned.

Software for Intuitive Operation and Custom Workflows

MultiHarp 160 includes easy-to-use, ready-to-run software for fast setup, live monitoring, and data visualization. At the same time, comprehensive programming interfaces support custom automation and experiment control across multiple languages and workflows.

UniHarp software interface displaying time resolved histogram measurement data

UniHarp: Unified Control for TCSPC and Time-Tagging

UniHarp is PicoQuant’s integrated data acquisition software for MultiHarp systems, designed to give researchers a fast and intuitive start into time-resolved measurements. It offers real-time control of all key timing parameters, clear visual feedback through live histograms and time traces, and seamless access to correlation tools such as g2 and FCS. With a clean interface, structured parameter settings, and flexible data export, UniHarp supports both quick exploratory measurements and routine workflows. In combination with its built-in manipulators, UniHarp can also process photon time tags in real time, enabling coincidence filtering, heralded detection, and other experiment-specific data transformations directly during acquisition. It provides a consistent, modern environment for operating MultiHarp devices without additional setup effort.

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snAPI Python interface for controlling PicoQuant Time Tagging & TCSPC electronics.

snAPI: Flexible Python Control for Advanced Workflows

For automated measurements and custom data pipelines, snAPI provides direct Python access to all MultiHarp configuration and acquisition functions. Its lightweight interface integrates smoothly into scientific codebases, enabling scripted scans, real-time processing, and experiment-specific timing logic. In combination with snAPI’s measurement classes and manipulators, photon data streams can be filtered, conditioned, and transformed in real time to implement coincidence logic, heralding schemes, or other experiment-specific workflows. Whether you need rapid prototyping or fully automated routines, snAPI offers the flexibility to adapt your workflow without overhead.

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Relevant for Your Research​

Matching Applications & Methods​

Switcher A&M
Schematic illustration of quantum key distribution showing single photons exchanged between Alice and Bob while eavesdropping by Eve introduces detectable disturbances.
Quantum Optics
Schematic of quantum sensing using a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond for optical readout of magnetic field interactions
Materials Science | Quantum Optics
In-Depth Scientific Resources

Scientific Resources

Access in-depth application notes and scientific posters with detailed methods, measurement data, and real-world use cases.

Poster: High-Precision Time Tagging for Scalable Photonic Quantum Experiments

Poster on high-precision time tagging for scalable photonic quantum experiments using SNSPD arrays and multichannel TCSPC systems.

Poster: QuPAD – High Bandwidth Photon Detection

Poster on QuPAD: a massively parallel 64-channel single-photon detection system using SNSPD arrays and MultiHarp 160 for high-bandwidth quantum experiments.

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High Performance and Flexiblity

MultiHarp 160: High-Throughput Multichannel Time Tagging & TCSPC Unit

Scale up your photonic quantum computing and multipixel detector characterization setup while maintaining performance and flexibility without compromising data throughput.
Expand Your System

Complete your setup

Combine compatible components to build a complete system tailored to your experimental requirements and measurement workflows.
Fast, Intuitive, and Versatile Python Wrapper
Combine Python’s flexibility with C++ processing speed
Build custom analysis pipelines tailored to your research
Handle massive data streams on-the-fly
Automate experiments through simple Python scripting
Run the same code on Windows and Linux
Cooled Single Photon Detector Array
Super-resolution with confocal microscopes
Higher photon collection efficiency
Reduced background and detector noise
Faster acquisition through parallelization
Improved signal-to-noise ratio
Scalable multi-channel TCSPC workflows
High Power UV to Visible Picosecond Laser
Available as single-, dual-, or triple-wavelength configuration
Enhanced resolution
High measurement stability
Reliable long-term performance
Easy integration & operation
Flexible excitation schemes
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